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William M. Naismith was a Scottish Mountaineer who in 1892 developed a rule
of thumb for calculating distances on a hiking expedition. This rule has become
known as "Naismiths rule" and is thought to navigators
all over the world.
In practice it turns out that Mr Naismith was quite a strong walker, and
most people find themselves needing to add 25 to 50% to this rule to reach an
accurate figure. As such, it can generally be assumed to be a minimum
figure for time required.
As the rule doesn't take into account fitness or fatigue levels, many
variations of the rule have been developed. One of the most popular is known as
"Tranter's corrections".
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On flat ground the map distance will be the same as the actual distance. However, on hills the slope distance will always exceed the distance measured on the map.
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Anquet mapping offers Landranger 1:50,000 maps for all the Welsh National Parks (Snowdonia, Pembrokeshire, and Brecon Beacons).
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Rather the same idea as a wicking layer but applied to waterproofs. |
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The ability of a material to transport moisture (by capillary action) rather than absorb it – |
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